![]() Along with Israelites, they settled in the southern Levant. at the hands of the Sea Peoples, of whom the best known are the Philistines. ![]() The ultimate collapse of Egyptian power in the region occurred about 1175 B.C. With the decline of Egyptian influence about 1200 B.C., the cities were freed from foreign domination. Confined to a narrow coastal strip with limited agricultural resources, maritime trade was a natural development. 1600–1200 B.C.) was a time of economic prosperity for these trading centers. As Egyptian and Near Eastern documents record, the Late Bronze Age (ca. With the exception of Byblos, which had been a flourishing center from at least the third millennium B.C., the Phoenician cities first emerged as urban entities around 1500 B.C. The name Phoenician, used to describe these people in the first millennium B.C., is a Greek invention, from the word phoinix, possibly signifying the color purple-red and perhaps an allusion to their production of a highly prized purple dye. What the Phoenicians actually called themselves is unknown, though it may have been the ancient term Canaanite. ![]() All were fiercely independent, rival cities and, unlike the neighboring inland states, the Phoenicians represented a confederation of maritime traders rather than a defined country. Their major cities were Tyre, Sidon, Byblos, and Arwad. According to ancient classical authors, the Phoenicians were a people who occupied the coast of the Levant (eastern Mediterranean).
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